Antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species isolated from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia Microbiology

被引：46
作者：
Abamecha A. [1 ]
Wondafrash B. [2 ]
Abdissa A. [2 ]
机构：
[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Mettu University
[2] Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Pathology, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma
来源：
BMC Research Notes | / 8卷 / 1期
关键词：
Antibiotic resistance; Enterococci; Ethiopia; Hospitalized patient; Intestinal tract; Jimma;
D O I：
10.1186/s13104-015-1200-2
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Background: Multi-drug-resistant Enterococci colonizing the intestinal tract of hospitalized patients are the major source of infection as well as nosocomial spread. Despite worldwide increasing rate of multidrug resistant Enterococci colonization and infection among hospitalized patients, there is scarcity of data from resource limited setting. The present study aimed at determining the antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia. Methods: The study was conducted among hospitalized patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, from January to July 2013. Fecal samples were collected and processed for bacterial isolation and susceptibility testing to antimicrobial agents. Stool samples were inoculated onto enterococcus selective media (Bile Esculin azide agar plate) with and without 6 μg/ml of vancomycin. The isolates were identified to genus and species level by cultural characteristics, Gram's stain, catalase test, growth in 6.5% NaCl broth, growth at 45°C, motility test and by using API 20 Streptococcus system. Sensitivity testing was done using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for vancomycin were determined using E-test strips. Result: Overall, Enterococci were isolated from 114 (76%) of the study subjects. The isolates were Enterococcus faecium (35.1%) followed by Enterococcus faecalis (29.8%), Enterococcus gallinarum (17.5%), Enterococcus casseliflavus (8.8%) and Enterococcus durans (8.8%). Among 114 tested Enterococci isolates, 41 (36%) were resistant to ampicillin, 62 (54.4%) to streptomycin and 39 (34.2%) to gentamycin. Other alternative antibiotics to treat mixed nosocomial infection caused by Enterococci also showed high rate of resistance in vitro: ciprofloxacin (50% of resistance), norfloxacin (49.1%), erythromycin (63.2%), tetracycline (64.9%), chloramphenicol (34.2%), and nitrofrantoin (32.4%). Multiple drug resistance was observed among 89.5% of E. faecium and E. faecalis. Vancomycin resistant Enterococci were observed in 5% of E. faecium isolates. Conclusion: This study reveals high rate of fecal colonization by multidrug-resistant Enterococci and prevalence of vancomycin resistance strains. Thus periodic surveillance of antibacterial susceptibilities is recommended to detect emerging resistance and to prevent the spread of antibacterial-resistant strains. © 2015 Abamecha et al.
引用
收藏
相关论文
共 40 条
  • [1] Sood S., Das M.M., Kapil A., Enterococcal infections and antimicrobial resistance, Indian J Med Res, 128, pp. 111-121, (2008)
  • [2] Hidron A.I., Edwards J.R., Patel J., Horan T.C., Sievert D.M., Pollock D.A., NHSN annual update: Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with healthcare-associated infections: Annual summary of data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006-2007, Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 29, pp. 996-1011, (2008)
  • [3] Marothi Y.A., Agnihotri H., Dubey D., Enterococcal resistance - An overview, Indian J Med Microbial, 23, pp. 214-219, (2005)
  • [4] Arias C.A., Murray B.E., Emergence and management of drug-resistant enterococcal infections, Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 6, pp. 637-655, (2008)
  • [5] Boost M., Lai L., O'Donoghue M., Drug resistance in fecal enterococci in Hong Kong, J Infect Chemother, 10, pp. 326-330, (2004)
  • [6] Zarrili R., Tripodi M.F., Podolo A.D., Fortunato R., Bagattini M., Crispino M., Et al., Molecular epidemiology of high-level aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci isolated from patients in a University Hospital in Southern Italy, J Antimicrob Chemother, 56, pp. 827-835, (2005)
  • [7] Adhikari L., High-level aminoglycoside resistance and reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in nosocomial enterococci, J Global Infect Dis, 2, pp. 231-235, (2010)
  • [8] Narayanaswamy A., Rajalakshmi K., Varadharajan M., Speciation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Enterococci from a tertiary health care center of south India, J Pharm Res, 4, pp. 989-990, (2011)
  • [9] Ghoshal U., Garg A., Tiwari D.P., Ayyagiri A., Emerging vancomycin resistance in Enterococci in India, Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 49, pp. 620-622, (2006)
  • [10] Shah L., Mulla S., Patel K.G., Rewadiwala S., Prevalence of enterococci with higher resistance level in a tertiary care hospital: A matter of concern, Natl J Med Res, 2, pp. 25-27, (2012)
1234