Fracture-Flow-Enhanced Matrix Diffusion in Solute Transport Through Fractured Porous Media

Over the past few decades, significant progress of assessing chemical transport in fractured rocks has been made in laboratory and field investigations as well as in mathematic modeling. In most of these studies, however, matrix diffusion on fracture–matrix surfaces is considered as a process of molecular diffusion only. Mathematical modeling based on this traditional concept often had problems in explaining or predicting tracer transport in fractured rock. In this article, we propose a new conceptual model of fracture-flow-enhanced matrix diffusion, which correlates with fracture-flow velocity. The proposed model incorporates an additional matrix-diffusion process, induced by rapid fluid flow along fractures. According to the boundary-layer theory, fracture-flow-enhanced matrix diffusion may dominate mass-transfer processes at fracture–matrix interfaces, where rapid flow occurs through fractures. The new conceptual model can be easily integrated with analytical solutions, as demonstrated in this article, and numerical models, as we foresee. The new conceptual model is preliminarily validated using laboratory experimental results from a series of tracer breakthrough tests with different velocities in a simple fracture system. Validating of the new model with field experiments in complicated fracture systems and numerical modeling will be explored in future research.