Cluster-Based Classical Routing Protocols and Authentication Algorithms in WSN: A Survey Based on Procedures and Methods

Wireless sensor system (WSN) is an assortment of miniature sensor knobs with some limitations. But in today's world, we are searching for the approach which provides cost-effective and time-saving that divulges the new idea and tactic in the envisioned arena. The study delivers the rapid opinion of this perception. In many areas, WSN is used such as in weather forecasting, military applications, battlefield applications, intrusion detection system. But these systems are having many limitations such as energy inefficiency, security, synchronization. For ensuring energy efficiency low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and advanced version of LEACH are used to augment the area of the sensor knobs. Author mentions and analyses the different types of protocols for prolonging the energy of sensor knobs. The research claimed had absorbed the security of the sensor knobs by implementing the different types of authentication measures which reduce attacks, capture attack, pin guessing attacks, and many more. This survey is very useful for beginners to understand the limitations and shortcomings of the cluster head and authentication protocols in WSN.