Superficial middle cerebral vein connection to the cavernous sinus is not infrequent in brain arteriovenous malformations: an argument against their congenital origin?

Al-Shahi R(2003)Prospective, population-based detection of intracranial vascular malformations in adults: the Scottish Intracranial Vascular Malformation Study (SIVMS) Stroke J Cereb Circ 34 1163-1169

Bhattacharya JJ(2003)The New York Islands AVM study: design, study progress, and initial results Stroke J Cereb Circ 34 e29-e33

Currie DG(2002)Arteriovenous malformations Lancet 359 863-873

Stapf C(2007)Clinical practice. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain N Engl J Med 356 2704-2712

Mast H(1996)Embryological basis of some aspects of cerebral vascular fistulas and malformations J Neurosurg 85 1-8

Sciacca RR(1956)The cranial venous system in man in reference to development, adult configuration, and relation to the arteries Am J Anat 98 307-355

Fleetwood IG(1991)Deep venous drainage in great cerebral vein (vein of Galen) absence and malformations Neuroradiology 33 234-238

Steinberg GK(1997)A revised concept of the congenital nature of cerebral arteriovenous malformations Interv Neuroradiol 3 275-281

Friedlander RM(2013)Pediatric intracranial arteriovenous shunts: a global overview Childs Nerv Syst 29 907-919

Mullan S(2003)Prenatal diagnosis of unusual fetal pial arteriovenous malformation. A case report Interv Neuroradiol J Peritherapeutic Neuroradiol Surg Proced Relat Neurosci 9 163-168

Al-Shahi R(2003)Prospective, population-based detection of intracranial vascular malformations in adults: the Scottish Intracranial Vascular Malformation Study (SIVMS) Stroke J Cereb Circ 34 1163-1169

Bhattacharya JJ(2003)The New York Islands AVM study: design, study progress, and initial results Stroke J Cereb Circ 34 e29-e33

Currie DG(2002)Arteriovenous malformations Lancet 359 863-873

Stapf C(2007)Clinical practice. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain N Engl J Med 356 2704-2712

Mast H(1996)Embryological basis of some aspects of cerebral vascular fistulas and malformations J Neurosurg 85 1-8

Sciacca RR(1956)The cranial venous system in man in reference to development, adult configuration, and relation to the arteries Am J Anat 98 307-355

Fleetwood IG(1991)Deep venous drainage in great cerebral vein (vein of Galen) absence and malformations Neuroradiology 33 234-238

Steinberg GK(1997)A revised concept of the congenital nature of cerebral arteriovenous malformations Interv Neuroradiol 3 275-281

Friedlander RM(2013)Pediatric intracranial arteriovenous shunts: a global overview Childs Nerv Syst 29 907-919

Mullan S(2003)Prenatal diagnosis of unusual fetal pial arteriovenous malformation. A case report Interv Neuroradiol J Peritherapeutic Neuroradiol Surg Proced Relat Neurosci 9 163-168