Development of low-carbon economy as the base of sustainable improvement of energy security

The concept of low-carbon development involves several interrelated tasks: improving energy efficiency, using renewable energy, protecting and improving the quality of greenhouse gas sinks, limiting or reducing emissions, developing greenhouse gas absorption technologies, eliminating subsidies, and other methods of promoting environmentally destructive activities. The implementation of the principle of low-carbon development is in line with the gradual transformation of the world energy—the transition from fossil fuels as the main source of primary energy resources to other sources of energy. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the most important element of development is the possibility of consumption of energy resources and, accordingly, the possibility of their production in the context of economic changes. The methods of statistical analysis, mathematical modeling, the method of criteria estimates were used in the article. Authors defined that there is a global positive dynamics in the period 2008–2017 in the field of alternative energy and stimulating its development through state regulation of the industry and improving the investment and innovation climate of the states as a whole, therefore, we can conclude that in the near future trends will be maintained. The mathematical model of the stability of the territory was presented in the form of a system of three differential equations. The authors clarified the model of sustainability of the territory as a social structure. Based on the developed mathematical model of the behavior of the control object, it is possible to predict the state of stable equilibrium of the energy security territory. The novelty of the article is that the issue of the sustainable development structure of energy security is raised for the first time.