Physicochemical modeling and analysis of the interaction between a core melt of the nuclear reactor and a sacrificial material

The problems regarding the design of a new class of materials, namely, sacrificial materials for use in devices intended for localization of a core melt of the nuclear reactor, are considered. Criteria are proposed for the proper choice of the chemical composition of a sacrificial material, as well as of the composition and microstructure of its constituents. The possible alternatives are outlined and analyzed. The results of designing a variant of the composition of sacrificial materials are presented. The experimental data on the interaction of an oxide sacrificial material with simulators of the metal and oxide phases of the core melt are discussed. A new type of combustion of materials, namely, the liquid-phase combustion, is revealed. It is demonstrated that the material designed can be used in systems intended for localization of a core melt of the nuclear reactor.