An Energy-Efficient Transmission in WSNs for Different Climatic Conditions

Applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are increasing tremendously to facilitate and establish a link between the physical world and information system. The major issues to design such type of WSNs are to reduce the power consumption of sensor nodes and enhance the life-time of nodes having limited battery capacity. In this paper, an energy-efficient transmission scheme in dynamic climatic conditions in WSNs has been proposed. This scheme is IEEE 802.15.4 standard adaptable. It considers two processes one is with feedback and another is without feedback. Process without feedback is used to evaluate and compensate the link quality due to effects of different climatic conditions such as temperature, rain, and snow (dry and wet), albeit process with feedback is used to divide the network into two logical regions to decrease the overhead of control packets. The current number of nodes [nc(t)]\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$[n_c(t)]$$\end{document} and power loss in each region are used to adjust the transmit power level (Plevel)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$(P_{level})$$\end{document} of node according to variations in link quality and climatic conditions. Simulation results show that proposed scheme adjusts transmission Plevel\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$P_{level}$$\end{document} to compensate link quality with less packets overhead resulting less energy consumption.