Violence against civilians and access to health care in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: Three cross-sectional surveys

被引：22

作者：

Alberti K.P. ^{[1
]}

Grellety E. ^{[1
]}

Lin Y.-C. ^{[2
]}

Polonsky J. ^{[1
]}

Coppens K. ^{[3
]}

Encinas L. ^{[4
]}

Rodrigue M.-N. ^{[5
]}

Pedalino B. ^{[1
]}

Mondonge V. ^{[6
]}

机构：

[1] Epicentre, 75011 Paris

[2] Médecins Sans Frontières Holland, Lubumbashi

[3] Médecins Sans Frontières Holland, 1001 EA Amsterdam

[4] Médecins Sans Frontières Belgium, 1090 Brussels

[5] Médecins Sans Frontières France, 75011 Paris

[6] Ministry of Health, Gombe, Kinshasa

来源：

Conflict and Health | / 4卷 / 1期

关键词：

Recall Period; Verbal Autopsy; Civilian Population; Violent Death; Average Household Size;

D O I：

10.1186/1752-1505-4-17

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Background: The province of North Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo has been afflicted by conflict for over a decade. After months of relative calm, offences restarted in September 2008. We did an epidemiological study to document the impact of violence on the civilian population and orient pre-existing humanitarian aid. Methods. In May 2009, we conducted three cross-sectional surveys among 200 000 resident and displaced people in North Kivu (Kabizo, Masisi, Kitchanga). The recall period covered an eight month period from the beginning of the most recent offensives to the survey date. Heads of households provided information on displacement, death, violence, theft, and access to fields and health care. Results: Crude mortality rates (per 10 000 per day) were below emergency thresholds: Kabizo 0.2 (95% CI: 0.1-0.4), Masisi 0.5 (0.4-0.6), Kitchanga 0.7 (0.6-0.9). Violence was the reported cause in 39.7% (27/68) and 35.8% (33/92) of deaths in Masisi and Kitchanga, respectively. In Masisi 99.1% (897/905) and Kitchanga 50.4% (509/1020) of households reported at least one member subjected to violence. Displacement was reported by 39.0% of households (419/1075) in Kitchanga and 99.8% (903/905) in Masisi. Theft affected 87.7% (451/514) of households in Masisi and 57.4% (585/1019) in Kitchanga. Access to health care was good: 93.5% (359/384) of the sick in Kabizo, 81.7% (515/630) in Masisi, and 89.8% (651/725) in Kitchanga received care, of whom 83.0% (298/359), 87.5% (451/515), and 88.9% (579/651), respectively, did not pay. Conclusions: Our results show the impact of the ongoing war on these civilian populations: one third of deaths were violent in two sites, individuals are frequently subjected to violence, and displacements and theft are common. While humanitarian aid may have had a positive impact on disease mortality and access to care, the population remains exposed to extremely high levels of violence. © 2010Alberti et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2. 0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

引用

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