Stakeholders’ views on the ethical challenges of pragmatic trials investigating pharmaceutical drugs

[1] Rothwell PM(2005)External validity of randomised controlled trials: “to whom do the results of this trial apply?” Lancet 365 82-93

[2] Califf RM(2012)Characteristics of clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, 2007–2010 JAMA 307 1838-47

[3] Zarin DA(2009)Making trials matter: pragmatic and explanatory trials and the problem of applicability Trials. 10 37-8

[4] Kramer JM(2013)Making clinical trials more relevant: improving and validating the PRECIS tool for matching trial design decisions to trial purpose Trials. 14 115-32

[5] Sherman RE(2014)The imperative of overcoming barriers to the conduct of large, simple trials JAMA 311 1397-46

[6] Aberle LH(2003)Practical clinical trials: increasing the value of clinical research for decision making in clinical and health policy JAMA 290 1624-8

[7] Tasneem A(2012)Pragmatic randomised trials using routine electronic health records: putting them to the test BMJ. 344 436-505

[8] Treweek S(2012)The role for pragmatic randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) in comparative effectiveness research Clin Trials 9 1497-75

[9] Zwarenstein M(2014)Ethics, regulation, and comparative effectiveness research: time for a change JAMA 311 499-96

[10] Loudon K(2009)Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials J Clin Epidemiol 62 464-41

[1] Rothwell PM(2005)External validity of randomised controlled trials: “to whom do the results of this trial apply?” Lancet 365 82-93

[2] Califf RM(2012)Characteristics of clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, 2007–2010 JAMA 307 1838-47

[3] Zarin DA(2009)Making trials matter: pragmatic and explanatory trials and the problem of applicability Trials. 10 37-8

[4] Kramer JM(2013)Making clinical trials more relevant: improving and validating the PRECIS tool for matching trial design decisions to trial purpose Trials. 14 115-32

[5] Sherman RE(2014)The imperative of overcoming barriers to the conduct of large, simple trials JAMA 311 1397-46

[6] Aberle LH(2003)Practical clinical trials: increasing the value of clinical research for decision making in clinical and health policy JAMA 290 1624-8

[7] Tasneem A(2012)Pragmatic randomised trials using routine electronic health records: putting them to the test BMJ. 344 436-505

[8] Treweek S(2012)The role for pragmatic randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) in comparative effectiveness research Clin Trials 9 1497-75

[9] Zwarenstein M(2014)Ethics, regulation, and comparative effectiveness research: time for a change JAMA 311 499-96

[10] Loudon K(2009)Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials J Clin Epidemiol 62 464-41