Occurrence of severe floods in the Salado River basin, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

被引：18

作者：

Scarpati O.E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Spescha L. ^{[3
]}

Capriolo A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Natl. Cncl. of Sci./Tech. Research, La Plata National University, La Plata

[2] Geography Department, Hum. and Education Sciences Faculty, La Plata National University, La Plata

[3] Faculty of Agronomy, Buenos Aires University

来源：

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change | 2002年 / 7卷 / 3期

关键词：

Argentine pampas flatlands; El Niño event; Floods; La Niña event; Salado River basin;

D O I：

10.1023/A:1024427613595

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Floods in the Salado River basin, Argentina, seriously affect both human activities and the environment. Inadequate and improper water management aggravates the effects of natural extreme events. The damage caused by the extreme flood in 1993 cost US$507 million, affected 14,500 farmers and flooded 6,500,000 ha within the basin. This paper analyses natural trends within the rainfall and riverflow records, and considers the possible effects of human interference. The river basin is mainly underlain by impermeable soils with a high water table. The soil factor and the low topographic gradients often produce surface run-off with slow lateral drainage. Very often, heavy rainfall associated with high soil moisture content leads to flooding of the basin. Three major flood events that have occurred since 1960 have been analysed. Flood occurrences have been placed in the context of precipitation variability and soil water storage. The precipitation records of two long-term stations in the basin (Junin and Dolores) show an increasing trend and this is due to rainfall increases in the warm season. However, none of the rain events reached the probable maximum precipitation of 100 year return period. The discharge records of the Salado River are compared with the pattern of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation and it is found that only the May discharge anomalies are weakly related to the El Niño driven climate variability. Results from this study are useful for the formulation of flood mitigation measures. The paper concludes with a consideration of the flood mitigation policy developed in Plan Maestro.

引用

页码：285 / 301

页数：16

共 13 条

[1]

Canziani O.F., Forte Lay J.A., Quintela R.M., Troha A., Estudio de grandes tormentas en la pampa deprimida de la provincia de Buenos Aires y su incidencia en el balance hidrológico, Hidrología de Grandes Llanuras, (1983)

[2]

Forte Lay J.A., Quintela R.M., Scarpati O.E., Variación de las características hidrometeorológicas de la llanura pampasa argentina, Encuentro Meteo'92, 2, pp. 142-146, (1992)

[3]

Forte Lay J.A., Aiello J.L., Basualdo A.B., Aplicación del Método Para Obtener Reservas de Agua en el Suelo en las Cinco Provincias Pampasas (Forte Lay - Aiello), (1997)

[4]

Frere M., A Method for the Practical Application of the Penman Formula for the Estimation of Potential Evapotranspiration and the Evaporation from Free Water Surface, (1972)

[5]

Atlas de Suelos de la República Argentina, (1990)

[6]

Malagnino E.C., Late Pleistocene to late Holocene evolution of the paleodesert of the central region of Argentina and its paleoclimatic implication, International Conference on Desert Landscapes, (1991)

[7]

Moyano M.C., Relación entre la variabilidad de caudales en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina y los indicadores del ENOS, Impacto del Fenómeno El Niño Sobre los Recursos Hídricos en el Continente Americano y Nuevas Metodologías Aplicables al Pronóstico Hidrológico Estacional e Interanual, (1995)

[8]

Penman H.L., Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass, Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 193, pp. 120-146, (1948)

[9]

Quintela R.M., Forte Lay J.A., Scarpati O.E., Modification of the water resources characteristics of the pampas subhumid region, 6th Conference on Applied Climatology of the American Meteorological Society, (1989)

[10]

Scarpati O.E., Spescha L., Beltran A., Quintela R., The last heavy floods in the Salado River basin (Buenos Aires province, Argentina), Proceedings International UNESCO Symposium, pp. 173-182, (1994)

← 1 2 →