The ⋋ Structure of the Heat Capacity of an Ideal Gas in the Critical Region of Bose–Einstein Condensation for Various Mesoscopic Traps

The features of the ⋋ structure of the heat capacity of an ideal gas of Bose atoms, which is confined in arbitrarily shaped and sized mesoscopic traps, are considered on the basis of a general exact description of the Bose–Einstein condensation. The main attention is paid to the boundarycondition role in the critical region, in which the heat capacity is described by a self-similar function that is sensitive to perturbations of the confining potential and the boundary-condition variation. Various traps, which allow one to experimentally study the influence of the boundary conditions on the shape of the ⋋ structure of the heat capacity and observe variations in other thermodynamic parameters due to the corresponding rearrangement of the self-similar structure of the critical region, are considered.