Volatile composition, foam characteristics and sensory properties of Tempranillo red sparkling wines elaborated using different techniques to obtain the base wines

The aim of this work was to study oenological techniques to obtain adequate base wine for red sparkling wine elaboration. Four winemaking techniques were carried out: pre-fermentative cold maceration with dry ice and delestage with premature grapes; and sugar reduction in must and partial dealcoholisation of wine with mature grapes. Their effect on oenological parameters, volatile composition, foam and sensory characteristics was valuated. Reduction of sugar content and partial dealcoholisation allow obtaining base wines with more adequate alcohol content. No differences were found between the oenological parameters during the ageing time. Pre-fermentative cold maceration and partial dealcoholisation had a greater influence on the volatile composition of the base and red sparkling wines. Oenological technique did not affect the foam instrumental parameters. Red sparkling wines from premature grapes showed higher vegetal aromas, and pre-fermentative cold maceration the best foam sensory descriptors.