Thermophysical Properties of Pharmaceutically Compatible Buffers at Sub-Zero Temperatures: Implications for Freeze-Drying

[21] Franks F.(1998)Studies on stability of drugs in frozen systems. VI. The effect of freezing on pH for buffered aqueous solutions Lbensm.-Wiss. u.-Technol. 31 69-73

[22] Carpenter J.F.(1997)Measurement of the pH of frozen buffer solutions by using pH indicators J. Pharm. Sci. 86 1374-1378

[23] Pikal M.J.(1999)Use of subambient thermal analysis to optimize protein lyophilization Europ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8 301-308

[24] Chang B.S.(1996)Salt precipitation during the freeze-concentration of phosphate buffer solutions J. Phys. Chem. 100 1144-1152

[25] Randolph T.W.(1999)Rational design of stable lyophilized protein formulations: Some practical Advice Pharm. Res. 16 1186-1192

[26] Akers M.J.(1978)Glycine crystallization during freezing: the effects of salt form, pH, and ionic strength J. Fd Technol. 13 567-581

[27] Milton N.(1996)The collapse temperature in freeze-drying: Dependence on measurement methodology and rate of water removal from the glassy phase Cryobiology 33 14-26

[28] Byrn S.R.(undefined)Electrolyte-induced changes in glass transition temperatures of freeze-concentrated solutes undefined undefined undefined-undefined

[29] Nail S.L.(undefined)Thermomechanical properties of small carbohydrate-water glasses and "rubbers": Kinetically metastable systems at sub-zero temperatures undefined undefined undefined-undefined

[30] Pikal M.J.(undefined)Investigations of the sub-ambient transitions in frozen sucrose by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) undefined undefined undefined-undefined

[21] Franks F.(1998)Studies on stability of drugs in frozen systems. VI. The effect of freezing on pH for buffered aqueous solutions Lbensm.-Wiss. u.-Technol. 31 69-73

[22] Carpenter J.F.(1997)Measurement of the pH of frozen buffer solutions by using pH indicators J. Pharm. Sci. 86 1374-1378

[23] Pikal M.J.(1999)Use of subambient thermal analysis to optimize protein lyophilization Europ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8 301-308

[24] Chang B.S.(1996)Salt precipitation during the freeze-concentration of phosphate buffer solutions J. Phys. Chem. 100 1144-1152

[25] Randolph T.W.(1999)Rational design of stable lyophilized protein formulations: Some practical Advice Pharm. Res. 16 1186-1192

[26] Akers M.J.(1978)Glycine crystallization during freezing: the effects of salt form, pH, and ionic strength J. Fd Technol. 13 567-581

[27] Milton N.(1996)The collapse temperature in freeze-drying: Dependence on measurement methodology and rate of water removal from the glassy phase Cryobiology 33 14-26

[28] Byrn S.R.(undefined)Electrolyte-induced changes in glass transition temperatures of freeze-concentrated solutes undefined undefined undefined-undefined

[29] Nail S.L.(undefined)Thermomechanical properties of small carbohydrate-water glasses and "rubbers": Kinetically metastable systems at sub-zero temperatures undefined undefined undefined-undefined

[30] Pikal M.J.(undefined)Investigations of the sub-ambient transitions in frozen sucrose by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) undefined undefined undefined-undefined