Bethe-Lattice Structure with Bilinear and Biquadratic Exchange Interactions: A Monte Carlo Study

In this paper, we study the magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the Bethe-Lattice system using Monte Carlo simulations for the Heisenberg model. The magnetizations and specific heat of the system are derived from several reduced biquadratic exchange interactions. Transition temperatures are obtained and discussed. The magnetizations as a function of the reduced biquadratic exchange interactions, for different values of reduced temperature, are illustrated. It is found that when increasing the reduced biquadratic interaction increases, the loop area of the hysteresis cycle as well as the reduced coercive magnetic field in the z direction increase. Whereas for the x and y directions, the reduced biquadratic interaction increases the area of the hysteresis cycle loop. While for both x and y directions, the saturation of the magnetizations decreases. Finally, the magnetic hysteresis cycle for different values of physical parameters is plotted and interpreted.