Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Community-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection: A Narrative Review

被引：65
作者：
Bloomfield L.E. [1 ,2 ]
Riley T.V. [3 ,4 ,5 ]
机构：
[1] School of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA
[2] Western Australian Department of Health, Communicable Diseases Control Directorate, Shenton Park, WA
[3] Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA
[4] School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, 6027, WA
[5] School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, 6150, WA
来源：
Infectious Diseases and Therapy | 2016年 / 5卷 / 3期
关键词：
Animal reservoir/source; Clostridium difficile infection (CDI); Community-associated CDI; Epidemiology; Risk factors;
D O I：
10.1007/s40121-016-0117-y
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) was once considered a primarily nosocomial concern. Emerging evidence from the last 20 years has highlighted a drastic shift in the known epidemiology of CDI, with disease outside of hospitals apparently occurring more frequently and causing severe disease in populations that were thought to be at low risk. This narrative review summarises potential pathways for infection outside of the hospital environment and highlights likely routes of transmission. Further, evidence is presented on potential risk factors for development of disease. Understanding the epidemiology of CDI outside of hospitals is essential to the ability to prevent and control disease in vulnerable populations. © 2016, The Author(s).
引用
收藏
页码：231 / 251
页数：20
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