Performance evaluation of online open-circuit voltage estimation method for photovoltaic system

In this paper, an online method is presented for the estimation of open-circuit voltage (Voc\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$V_{oc}$$\end{document}) of the photovoltaic (PV) system. This technique analytically calculates the Voc\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$V_{oc}$$\end{document} by sensing the voltage, current, and temperature of the PV system without interrupting the power flow to load. The online technique is accurate, fast, and easy to implement. The accuracy and potency of the online technique are verified by both simulation and practicals results of a 245 W PV panel. Moreover, for the fair analysis, the recently developed analytical technique, i.e, two temperature sensor method is compared with the online method. It is verified from the hardware results that the accuracy of the online technique is higher than the two temperature sensor method.