Management of renal tumors in Von Hippel-Lindau disease by percutaneous CT fluoroscopic guided radiofrequency ablation: preliminary results

We evaluated the feasibility and safety of percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. A total of 12 RCCs were treated by RF ablation in 7 patients with VHL disease. RF electrodes were placed under CT fluoroscopic guidance with conscious sedation. Technical success, technical effectiveness (disappearance of tumor enhancement), local tumor progression, complications and change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were evaluated. A total of 9 sessions were undertaken. All procedures were performed with a planned protocol with a technical success rate of 100%. Tumor enhancement disappeared in all 12 tumors indicating a technical effectiveness rate of 100%. Local tumor progression was not found in any patient during the mean follow-up of 22 ± 11 months (range 12–46 months). There were no complications related to the RF procedures. The mean eGFR decreased from 65.3 ± 10.9 ml/min (range 48.5–77.5 ml/min) to 60.3 ± 11.3 ml/min (range, 45.8–73.4 ml/min, P < 0.03). The mean percentage decrease in eGFR after the last ablation was 7.6% (range 0–21.6%). Renal RF ablation is a safe and effective treatment for renal tumours that may allow patients with VHL disease to avoid major surgical interventions.