The future role of agriculture and land use change for climate change mitigation in Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, 53 % of domestic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were generated in the agriculture and other land use sectors in 2005. However, no specified measures for climate change mitigation have thus far been designated nationally in these sectors. In this paper, we quantified future greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation potentials through 2025 by using the Agriculture Forestry and Other Land Use Bottom-up model to clarify cost-effective technological options under different mitigation cost scenarios. We found that (1) GHG emissions of 69.1 MtCO2eq (Million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) equilivalent)/year will be generated from the agriculture and land use sectors in 2025 in a baseline scenario, (2) a reduction of 32 MtCO2-eq/year (a 47 % reduction from baseline emissions) is possible at a cost of as much as US$10/tCO2-eq in 2025, (3) in agriculture, an emissions reduction of 10 MtCO2-eq/year could be achieved by implementing midseason drainage in rice cultivation, generating bioenergy from livestock manure, and replacing roughage with concentrated feed at mitigation cost of US$10/tCO2-eq in 2025, and (4) in the other land use sector, a mean annual mitigation potential of 6.5 MtCO2-eq/year can be achieved with a total mitigation cost of less than US$10 million (52 % of baseline land use emissions in 2025).