Cerium Oxide-Incorporated Calcium Silicate Coating Protects MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells from H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress regulates cellular functions in multiple pathological conditions, including bone formation by osteoblastic cells. In this work, the protective effects of cerium oxide (CeO2)-incorporated calcium silicate (CeO2-CS) coating on the response of osteoblasts to H2O2-induced oxidative stress and the related mechanism were examined. CeO2 incorporation significantly improved osteoblast viability and reduced cell apoptosis caused by H2O2 when compared with the control. H2O2-induced reduction of differentiation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was recovered in the presence of the CeO2-CS coating. The above effects were mediated by the antioxidant effect of CeO2. The CeO2-CS coating immersed in 0.1 mM H2O2 aqueous solution was able to degrade 64 % of it in 1 week. In addition, CeO2 incorporation decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in H2O2-treated osteoblasts. Taken together, CeO2-CS biomedical coatings with antioxidant property would be promising for bone regeneration under oxidative stress.