Investigating the role of silicon in reducing the risk of arsenic, cadmium, drought and salinity stresses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

A boost in wheat production and quality can have a significant impact on human health, as wheat is one of the most important and widely consumed grains in human nutrition. Alternatively, climate change and industrialization are causing an increase in environmental stresses that threaten wheat's quality and production worldwide, so finding ways to reduce these stresses is directly related to human health and farmers' welfare. Various solutions, such as microorganisms, nutrients, and nanoparticles, have been explored to reduce these stresses in recent decades. This study investigated the physiological, morphological, and molecular effects of silicon (as fertilizer, nanoparticles, etc.) on wheat, as well as its capacity to decrease the impact of arsenic, cadmium, droughts, and salinity stresses. Furthermore, the study will identify gaps in the current topic by examining silicon's role in reducing stresses in wheat, which providing a clear path for future research.