Role of long non-coding RNA ELFN1-AS1 in carcinogenesis

As one of the leading causes of death worldwide, cancer significantly burdens patients and the healthcare system. The role of long non-protein coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in carcinogenesis has been extensively studied. The lncRNA ELFN1-AS1 was discovered recently, and subsequent studies have revealed its aberrantly high expression in various cancer tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments have consistently demonstrated the close association between increased ELFN1-AS1 expression and malignant tumor characteristics, particularly in gastrointestinal malignancies. Functional assays have further revealed the mechanistic role of ELFN1-AS1 as a competitive endogenous RNA for microRNAs, inducing tumor growth, invasive features, and drug resistance. Additionally, the investigation into the clinical implication of ELFN1-AS1 has demonstrated its potential as a diagnostic, therapeutic, and, notably, prognostic marker. This review provides a comprehensive summary of evidence regarding the involvement of ELFN1-AS1 in cancer initiation and development, highlighting its clinical significance.