Synthesis of biodiesel using potassium fluoride (KF) supported by hydrotalcite and process optimization by Box-Behnken design

被引：3

作者：

Singh B. ^{[1
]}

Birla A. ^{[2
]}

Upadhyay S.N. ^{[2
]}

Yaakob Z. ^{[3
]}

Sharma Y.C. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

[2] Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

[3] Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, 43600, UKM Bangi

来源：

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery | 2012年 / 2卷 / 04期

关键词：

Biodiesel; Hydrotalcite; KF; Optimization; Transesterification;

D O I：

10.1007/s13399-012-0059-x

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Biodiesel has been developed using a heterogeneous catalyst potassium fluoride (KF) supported on hydrotalcite (HT) and waste frying oil (WFO) as feedstock. Hydrotalcite was synthesized by co-precipitation method using mixture of Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and Al(NO3)2·9H2O slowly added to a solution containing NaOH and Na2CO3 and calcined at 500 °C. KF was impregnated on hydrotalcite at KF/HT load ratio of 80:100 by addition of a small amount of water. Biodiesel was developed using KF/HT as heterogeneous catalyst by transesterification. Box-Behnken Design using Minitab 15. 1 Statistical Software and Design-Expert (Demo version 8. 0. 6. 1) software were used as statistical tool for design of experiments and optimization of fatty acid methyl ester yield. A high yield and conversion of biodiesel was obtained by optimization of variables affecting the reaction. The variables affected the reaction in the priority order of: catalyst amount ≫ molar ratio (methanol to oil) > reaction time. A 12:1 methanol to WFO molar ratio, 2. 5 wt.% of catalyst at 60 °C in 1 h reaction time gave a high fatty acid methyl ester yield of >98 %. The quantitative analysis of the product (i. e., biodiesel) was done on a Fourier-transform-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

引用

页码：317 / 325

页数：8

共 22 条

[1]

Ganesan D., Rajendran A., Thangavelu V., Response surface optimization for the transesterification of karanja oil using immobilized whole cells of Rhizopus oryzae in n-hexane system, Biomass Conv Bioref, 2, pp. 11-20, (2012)

[2]

Durbin T.D., Norbeck J.M., Effects of biodiesel blends and Acro EC-diesel on emissions from light heavy-duty diesel vehicles, Environ Sci Technol, 36, pp. 1686-1691, (2002)

[3]

Sharma Y.C., Singh B., Agrawal S., A low-cost synthesis of biodiesel at room temperature and purification of by-product glycerol for reuse, Biomass Conv Bioref, 2, pp. 63-71, (2012)

[4]

Sharma Y.C., Singh B., Upadhyay S.N., Advancements in development and characterization of biodiesel: a review, Fuel, 87, pp. 2355-2373, (2008)

[5]

Mccormick R.L., Graboski M.S., Alleman T.L., Herring A.M., Impact of biodiesel source material and chemical structure on emissions of criteria pollutants from a heavy-duty engine, Environ Sci Technol, 35, pp. 1742-1747, (2001)

[6]

Abdelnur P.V., Eberlin L.S., de Sa G.F., de Souza V., Eberlin M.N., Single-shot biodiesel analysis: nearly instantaneous typification and quality control solely by ambient mass spectroscopy, Anal Chem, 80, pp. 7882-7886, (2008)

[7]

Sharma Y.C., Singh B., Korstad J., Latest developments on application of heterogeneous basic catalysts for an efficient and eco friendly synthesis of biodiesel: a review, Fuel, 90, pp. 1309-1324, (2011)

[8]

Sharma Y.C., Singh B., Korstad J., Advancements in solid acid catalysts for ecofriendly and economically viable synthesis of biodiesel, Biofuel Bioprod Bior, 5, pp. 69-92, (2011)

[9]

Sharma Y.C., Singh B., Korstad J., High yield and conversion of biodiesel from a nonedible feedstock (Pongamia pinnata), J Agric Food Chem, 58, pp. 242-247, (2010)

[10]

Sharma Y.C., Singh B., Upadhyay S.N., Response to the comments on Advancements in development and characterization of biodiesel: a review, 88, pp. 768-769, (2009)

← 1 2 3 →