Obstetrical and epidemiological factors influence the severity of anal incontinence after obstetric anal sphincter injury

[1] Ismail SI(2014)The rise of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS): 11-year trend analysis using patient episode database for Wales (PEDW) data J Obstet Gynaecol 34 495-498

[2] Puyk B(2015)Incidence and predictors of anal incontinence after obstetric anal sphincter injury in primiparous women Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 21 182-189

[3] Richter HE(2011)Obstetric anal sphincter injury in the UK and its effect on bowel, bladder and sexual function Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 154 223-227

[4] Nager CW(2008)Long-term anal continence and quality of life following postpartum anal sphincter injury Color Dis 10 793-799

[5] Burgio KL(2014)Modifiable risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter injury in primiparous women: a population-based cohort study Am J Obstet Gynecol 210 59.e1-59.e6

[6] Whitworth R(2013)Are obstetric anal sphincter ruptures preventable? – large and consistent rupture rate variations between the Nordic countries and between delivery units in Norway Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 92 94-100

[7] Weidner AC(1983)Treatment and functional results of anorectal continence in children with imperforate anus Acta Chir Belg 82 191-204

[8] Schaffer J(1983)Postanal repair for neuropathic fecal incontinence: correlation of clinical result and anal canal pressures Br J Surg 70 101-104

[9] Zyczynski HM(2009)Sphincter tears in primiparous women: is age a factor? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 20 565-569

[10] Norton P(2013)Trends in obstetric anal sphincter injuries and associated risk factors for vaginal singleton term births in New South Wales 2001–2009 Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 53 9-16

[1] Ismail SI(2014)The rise of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS): 11-year trend analysis using patient episode database for Wales (PEDW) data J Obstet Gynaecol 34 495-498

[2] Puyk B(2015)Incidence and predictors of anal incontinence after obstetric anal sphincter injury in primiparous women Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 21 182-189

[3] Richter HE(2011)Obstetric anal sphincter injury in the UK and its effect on bowel, bladder and sexual function Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 154 223-227

[4] Nager CW(2008)Long-term anal continence and quality of life following postpartum anal sphincter injury Color Dis 10 793-799

[5] Burgio KL(2014)Modifiable risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter injury in primiparous women: a population-based cohort study Am J Obstet Gynecol 210 59.e1-59.e6

[6] Whitworth R(2013)Are obstetric anal sphincter ruptures preventable? – large and consistent rupture rate variations between the Nordic countries and between delivery units in Norway Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 92 94-100

[7] Weidner AC(1983)Treatment and functional results of anorectal continence in children with imperforate anus Acta Chir Belg 82 191-204

[8] Schaffer J(1983)Postanal repair for neuropathic fecal incontinence: correlation of clinical result and anal canal pressures Br J Surg 70 101-104

[9] Zyczynski HM(2009)Sphincter tears in primiparous women: is age a factor? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 20 565-569

[10] Norton P(2013)Trends in obstetric anal sphincter injuries and associated risk factors for vaginal singleton term births in New South Wales 2001–2009 Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 53 9-16