At temperatures within the range 0.06–0.6Tm (°K), we study the process of fatigue fracture of M1 copper, L63 brass, V95pchT2 aluminum alloy, and 40Kh, 20Kh13, 14Kh17N2, 08kp, 08ps, and 07GSYuFT steels subjected to preliminary deformation (5–30%) at room temperature. It is shown that the effect of preliminary deformation of metals and alloys on their fatigue fracture resistance becomes more intense as testing temperature increases and significantly depends on the amplitude of loading.