Assessment of wild turmeric–based eco-friendly yellow natural bio-colorant for dyeing of wool fabric

The current study has been designed to observe the coloring efficacy of wild turmeric–based natural yellowish colorant for wool dyeing under microwave (MW) treatments. Extracts and fabrics have been exposed to MW treatment for up to 10 min. Surface morphology and changes in the fabric’s chemical nature before and after radiation have been studied through SEM and FTIR, respectively. The results obtained after a series of experiments show that using 45 mL of aqueous extract (pH = 5) in the presence of 1.5g/100mL of table salt as an exhausting agent at 75°C for 45 min has displayed outstanding color depth (K/S) onto microwave-treated wool fabric. On applying biomordants, it has been found that acacia extract (1.5%), pomegranate (2%), and pistachio extracts (1.5%) before dyeing, whereas acacia (1%), pomegranate (1%), and pistachio extracts (2%) after dyeing, have shown colorfast shades of high strength. Comparatively, salts of Al (1.5%) and Fe (1%), and T.A (2%) before dyeing, while salts of Al (1%) and Fe (1.5%) and T.A (1.5%) after dyeing, have given the best results. Generally, it has been originated that salt of Fe (1.5%) as a post-chemical mordant and pomegranate extract (1.5%) as a post-bio-mordant have displayed wonderful color strength. It very well may be inferred that MW treatment, being naturally protected, has just superior the varying strength of colorants on wool fabric. Adding biomordants has transformed the strategy into a more sustainable one.