Mechanistic elucidation of germination potential and growth of Sesbania sesban seedlings with Bacillus anthracis PM21 under heavy metals stress: An in vitro study

被引:53
作者
Ali, Javed [1 ]
Ali, Fawad [1 ]
Ahmad, Iftikhar [2 ]
Rafique, Mazhar [3 ]
Munis, Muhammad Farooq Hussain [1 ]
Hassan, Syed Waqas [4 ]
Sultan, Tariq [5 ]
Iftikhar, Muhammad [5 ]
Chaudhary, Hassan Javed [1 ]
机构
[1] Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
[2] COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Environm Sci, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
[3] Univ Haripur, Fac Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Climate Sci, Haripur, Pakistan
[4] Univ Wah, Dept Biosci, Wah, Pakistan
[5] Natl Agr Res Ctr, Land Resources Res Inst, Soil Biol Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
关键词
Antioxidant enzymes; EPS; Heavy metal toxicity; PGPR; Phytoremediation; Rhizosphere; PLANT-GROWTH; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; CADMIUM-RESISTANT; DEFENSE SYSTEM; CHROMIUM; WHEAT; L; PHYTOREMEDIATION; PHYTOTOXICITY;
D O I
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111769
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Soils contaminated with heavy metals such as Chromium (Cr) and Cadmium (Cd) severely impede plant growth. Several rhizospheric microorganisms support plant growth under heavy metal stress. In this study, Cr and Cd stress was applied to in vitro germinating seedlings of a Legume plant species, Sesbania sesban, and investigated the plant growth potential in presence and absence of Bacillus anthracis PM21 bacterial strain under heavy metal stress. The seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of Cr (25-75 mg/L) and Cd (100-200 mg/L) in Petri plates. Growth curve analysis of B. anthracis PM21 revealed its potential to adapt Cr and Cd stress. The bacteria supported plant growth by exhibiting ACC-deaminase activity (1.57-1.75 mu M of alpha-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein), producing Indole-3-acetic acid (99-119 mu M/mL) and exopolysaccharides (2.74-2.98 mg/mL), under heavy metal stress condition. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in growth parameters between the seedlings with and without bacterial inoculation in metal stress condition. The combined Cr+Cd stress (75 + 200 mg/L) significantly reduced root length (70%), shoot length (24%), dry weight (54%) and fresh weight (57%) as compared to control. Conversely, B. anthracis PM21 inoculation to seedlings significantly increased (p <= 0.05) seed germination percentage (5%), root length (31%), shoot length (23%) and photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll a: 20%; Chlorophyll b: 16% and total chlorophyll: 18%), as compared to control seedlings without B. anthracis PM21 inoculation. The B. anthracis PM21 inoculation also enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (52%), peroxidase (66%), and catalase (21%), and decreased proline content (56%), electrolyte leakage (50%), and malondialdehyde concentration (46%) in seedlings. The B. anthracis PM21 inoculated seedlings of S. sesban exhibited significantly high (p <= 0.05) tissue deposition of Cr (17%) and Cd (16%) as compared to their control counterparts. Findings of the study suggested that B. anthracis PM21 endured metal stress through homeostasis of antioxidant activities, and positively impacted S. sesban growth and biomass. Further experiments in controlled conditions are necessary for investigating phytoremediation potential of S. sesban in metal-contaminated soils in presence of B. anthracis PM21 bacterial strain.
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