Big and Young Supermassive Black Holes in the Early Universe

被引：14

作者：

Sbarrato, Tullia ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via E Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy

来源：

GALAXIES | 2021年 / 9卷 / 02期

关键词：

accretion; accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies; jets; quasars; general; high-redshift; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; REDSHIFT; QUASAR; ACCRETION; ENERGY; EVOLUTION; HEAVIEST; BLAZARS; JETS;

D O I：

10.3390/galaxies9020023

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Blazars are active galactic nuclei characterized by relativistic jets launched in the vicinity of the central engine (i.e., a supermassive black hole), which are oriented close to our line of sight. Their peculiar orientation makes them very efficient tracers of the overall jetted population, and due to their brightness they can be visible up to very high redshifts. A deep knowledge of these objects can provide fundamental clues to the models of formation and growth of the first supermassive black holes, but the search for them in the early Universe must be careful and follow a systematic approach. The discovery in the last similar to 15 years of extremely massive blazars at very high redshifts (M-BH > 10(9) M-circle dot , z > 4 ) revolutionized our perception of their earliest evolution: there seem to be different formation epochs for extremely massive black holes hosted in jetted (z similar to 4) and non-jetted (z similar to 2.5) systems. This is not easy to explain, since one would expect jetted sources to accrete less efficiently. Small differences in the population are also derived from the search for such high-z sources. We will go through the open questions in order to understand where the common knowledge stands and which steps must be taken to better understand the formation and common evolution of supermassive black holes and jets in the early Universe.

引用

页数：10

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