Anisotropic Superfluid Behavior of a Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate

被引：40
作者：
Wenzel, Matthias
Boettcher, Fabian
Schmidt, Jan-Niklas
Eisenmann, Michael
Langen, Tim
Pfau, Tilman
Ferrier-Barbut, Igor [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Stuttgart, Phys Inst, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
来源：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS | 2018年 / 121卷 / 03期
基金：
欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词：
HELIUM;
D O I：
10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.030401
中图分类号：
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号：
0702 ;
摘要：
We present transport measurements on a dipolar superfluid using a Bose-Einstein condensate of Dy-162 with strong magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. By moving an attractive laser beam through the condensate we observe an anisotropy in superfluid flow. This observation is compatible with an anisotropic critical velocity for the breakdown of dissipationless flow, which, in the spirit of the Landau criterion, can directly be connected to the anisotropy of the underlying dipolar excitation spectrum. In addition, the heating rate above this critical velocity reflects the same anisotropy. Our observations are in excellent agreement with simulations based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and highlight the effect of dipolar interactions on macroscopic transport properties, rendering dissipation anisotropic.
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页数：5
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