Graphene for implantable biosensors

In this review, we will provide a comprehensive insight on the current researchsituationsand future challenges for the graphene-based implantable biosensors. We introduce the use of graphene derivatives for in vivo sensing implants, discussing their synthesis and key properties for this final application. Then the most promising recent examples in the field were critically revised, with special attention to electrochemical and transistor-based biosensors. Although there are still many challenges to overcome, we can anticipate that the latest developments are paving the way for the next generation of this kind of implants. Finally, the emerging 2D materials are also presented, which are following the graphene pathway for the in vivo sensing field, with a broad future to explore.