THE 2009 DECEMBER GAMMA-RAY FLARE OF 3C 454.3: THE MULTIFREQUENCY CAMPAIGN

被引：48

作者：

Pacciani, L. ^{[1
]}

Vittorini, V. ^{[1
,2
]}

Tavani, M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Fiocchi, M. T. ^{[1
]}

Vercellone, S. ^{[3
]}

D'Ammando, F. ^{[3
]}

Sakamoto, T. ^{[4
,5
]}

Pian, E. ^{[6
,7
]}

Raiteri, C. M. ^{[8
]}

Villata, M. ^{[8
]}

Sasada, M. ^{[9
]}

Itoh, R. ^{[9
]}

Yamanaka, M. ^{[9
,10
]}

Uemura, M. ^{[10
]}

Striani, E. ^{[2
,11
]}

Fugazza, D. ^{[12
]}

Tiengo, A. ^{[13
]}

Krimm, H. A. ^{[4
,14
]}

Stroh, M. C. ^{[15
]}

Falcone, A. D. ^{[15
]}

Curran, P. A. ^{[16
]}

Sadun, A. C. ^{[17
]}

Lahteenmaki, A. ^{[18
]}

Tornikoski, M. ^{[18
]}

Aller, H. D. ^{[19
]}

Aller, M. F. ^{[19
]}

Lin, C. S. ^{[20
]}

Larionov, V. M. ^{[21
,22
,23
]}

Leto, P. ^{[24
]}

Takalo, L. O. ^{[25
]}

Berdyugin, A. ^{[25
]}

Gurwell, M. A. ^{[26
]}

Bulgarelli, A. ^{[27
]}

Chen, A. W. ^{[13
,28
]}

Donnarumma, I. ^{[1
]}

Giuliani, A. ^{[13
]}

Longo, F. ^{[29
,30
]}

Pucella, G. ^{[31
]}

Argan, A. ^{[1
]}

Barbiellini, G. ^{[29
,30
]}

Caraveo, P. ^{[13
]}

Cattaneo, P. W.

Costa, E. ^{[1
]}

De Paris, G. ^{[1
]}

Del Monte, E. ^{[1
]}

Di Cocco, G. ^{[27
]}

Evangelista, Y. ^{[1
]}

Ferrari, A. ^{[32
]}

Feroci, M. ^{[1
]}

Fiorini, M. ^{[13
]}

机构：

[1] INAF IASF Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[2] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dip Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[3] INAF IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy

[4] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[5] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Astrophys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA

[6] INAF OATS, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[7] SNS, I-56126 Pisa, Italy

[8] OATO INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, To, Italy

[9] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan

[10] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan

[11] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[12] OAB INAF, I-20121 Milan, Italy

[13] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[14] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA

[15] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[16] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England

[17] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA

[18] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FIN-02540 Kylmala, Finland

[19] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[20] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan

[21] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg, Russia

[22] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg, Russia

[23] Isaac Newton Inst Chile, St Petersburg Branch, St Petersburg, Russia

[24] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, Catania, Italy

[25] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland

[26] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[27] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[28] CIFS Torino, I-10133 Turin, Italy

[29] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[30] INFN Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[31] ENEA Frascati, I-00044 Rome, Italy

[32] Univ Turin, Dip Fis, Turin, Italy

[33] ENEA Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[34] INFN Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[35] INAF OAC, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy

[36] Univ Insubria, Dip Fis, I-22100 Como, Italy

[37] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy

[38] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | 2010年 / 716卷 / 02期

关键词：

galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (3C 454.3); quasars: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; TIMING EXPLORER; CRAZY-DIAMOND; BLAZAR MODEL; WEBT; TELESCOPE; OUTBURST; CALIBRATION; 3C-454.3; RADIO;

D O I：

10.1088/2041-8205/716/2/L170

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

During the month of 2009 December, the blazar 3C 454.3 became the brightest gamma-ray source in the sky, reaching a peak flux F similar to 2000 x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) for E > 100 MeV. Starting in 2009 November intensive multifrequency campaigns monitored the 3C 454 gamma-ray outburst. Here, we report on the results of a two-month campaign involving AGILE, INTEGRAL, Swift/XRT, Swift/BAT, and Rossi XTE for the high-energy observations and Swift/UVOT, KANATA, Goddard Robotic Telescope, and REM for the near-IR/optical/UV data. GASP/WEBT provided radio and additional optical data. We detected a long-term active emission phase lasting similar to 1 month at all wavelengths: in the gamma-ray band, peak emission was reached on 2009 December 2-3. Remarkably, this gamma-ray super-flare was not accompanied by correspondingly intense emission in the optical/UV band that reached a level substantially lower than the previous observations in 2007-2008. The lack of strong simultaneous optical brightening during the super-flare and the determination of the broadband spectral evolution severely constrain the theoretical modeling. We find that the pre- and post-flare broadband behavior can be explained by a one-zone model involving synchrotron self-Compton plus external Compton emission from an accretion disk and a broad-line region. However, the spectra of the 2009 December 2-3 super-flare and of the secondary peak emission on 2009 December 9 cannot be satisfactorily modeled by a simple one-zone model. An additional particle component is most likely active during these states.

引用

页码：L170 / L175

页数：6

共 50 条

[41] Quasar X-ray jets: Gamma-ray diagnostics of the synchrotron and inverse Compton hypotheses: The case of 3C 273
Georganopoulos, Markos
Perlman, Eric S.
Kazanas, Demosthenes
McEnery, Julie
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2006, 653 (01) : L5 - L8
[42] Correlations between γ-ray luminosity and magnetization of the jet as well as relativistic electron injection power: cases for Mrk 421, 3C 454.3 and 3C 279
Hu, Wen
Yan, Dahai
Hu, Qianglin
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2021, 503 (02) : 2523 - 2538
[43] Localizing the γ-ray emission region during the 2014 June outburst of 3C 454.3
Coogan, Rosemary T.
Brown, Anthony M.
Chadwick, Paula M.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2016, 458 (01) : 354 - 365
[44] Multifrequency observations of the gamma-ray blazar 3C 279 in low-state during integral AO-1
Collmar, W
Böttcher, M
Burwitz, V
Courvoisier, T
Komossa, S
Kretschmar, P
Nieppola, E
Nilsson, K
Ojala, T
Pottschmidt, K
Pasanen, M
Pursimo, T
Sillanpää, A
Takalo, L
Tornikoski, M
Ungerechts, H
Valtaoja, E
Walter, R
Webster, R
Whiting, M
Wiik, K
Wong, I
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH INTEGRAL WORKSHOP ON THE INTEGRAL UNIVERSE, 2004, 552 : 555 - 558
[45] Frequency-dependent core shifts and parameter estimation for the blazar 3C 454.3
Mohan, P.
Agarwal, A.
Mangalam, A.
Gupta, Alok C.
Wiita, Paul J.
Volvach, A. E.
Aller, M. F.
Aller, H. D.
Gu, M. F.
Lahteenmaki, A.
Tornikoski, M.
Volvach, L. N.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2015, 452 (02) : 2004 - 2017
[46] The core shift effect in the blazar 3C 454.3
Kutkin, A. M.
Sokolovsky, K. V.
Lisakov, M. M.
Kovalev, Y. Y.
Savolainen, T.
Voytsik, P. A.
Lobanov, A. P.
Aller, H. D.
Aller, M. F.
Lahteenmaki, A.
Tornikoski, M.
Volvach, A. E.
Volvach, L. N.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2014, 437 (04) : 3396 - 3404
[47] Modification of the gamma-ray spectra by internal absorption in optically violently variable blazars: the example cases of 3C 273 and 3C 279
Sitarek, J.
Bednarek, W.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2008, 391 (02) : 624 - 638
[48] Multi-colour optical variability of the blazar 3C 454.3 in 2007-2010
Zhai, M.
Zheng, W. K.
Wei, J. Y.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2011, 531
[49] Multifrequency study of the gamma-ray flaring BL Lacertae object PKS 2233-148 in 2009-2012
Pushkarev, A. B.
Butuzova, M. S.
Kovalev, Y. Y.
Hovatta, T.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2019, 482 (02) : 2336 - 2353
[50] ON THE BREAK IN THE FERMI-LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SPECTRUM OF 3C 454.3
Finke, Justin D.
Dermer, Charles D.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2010, 714 (02) : L303 - L307

← 1 2 3 4 5 →