Engineered extracellular vesicles for bone therapy

被引:61
作者
Jiang, Yingying [1 ]
Li, Jiadong [1 ]
Xue, Xu [1 ]
Yin, Zhifeng [2 ]
Xu, Ke [1 ]
Su, Jiacan [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Shanghai Univ, Inst Translat Med, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China
[2] Shanghai Zhongye Hosp, Dept Orthoped Trauma, Shanghai 200941, Peoples R China
[3] Naval Med Univ, Changhai Hosp, Dept Trauma Orthoped, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China
基金
国家重点研发计划; 中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Extracellular vesicles; Bone therapy; Modification; Biomaterials; Nanotechnology; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; DRUG-DELIVERY; GLOBAL BURDEN; STROMAL CELLS; IN-VITRO; OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION; CLICK CHEMISTRY; EXOSOMES;
D O I
10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101487
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Extracellular vesicles, which are secreted by living cells and play a critical role in cellular communication, have emerged as a promising cell-free strategy in the treatment of many diseases. Recently, EVs are con-sidered excellent delivery systems for various therapeutic agents, including nucleic acids, proteins, drugs, and nanomaterials, owing to their superior physiochemical stability and biocompatibility. Yet, drawbacks such as the the uncertain distribution, unfavorable therapeutic efficiency and low yields are still the pri-mary obstacles that hinder the application of EVs in the clinical. An increasing number of studies show that EVs can be "internally" engineered via cargo loading and "externally" engineered via surface modification to track their distributions, obtain scalable production and improve bone-targeting capacity for bone therapy. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the present applications and therapeutic mechanism of EVs for bone-related diseases. Thereafter, a comprehensive overview of methodological advances made recently in in-ternally and externally engineering EVs is presented. Moreover, the potential applications of modified EVs are discussed by presenting prominent examples for the treatment of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and bone fracture and defects, as well as the prospective engineering approaches to address these issues.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
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页数:23
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