Comparison of biomarkers of oxidative stress, 8-isoprostane, advanced oxidation protein products, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and pro-apoptosis, cytokeratin 18 M30, in women with normal glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus

Aim We aimed to compare the values of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress, 8-isoprostane (8IsoP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) and pro-apoptosis, cytokeratin 18 M30 (CK18 M30), in women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods The study included the following: NGT group, including pregnant women who were healthy and did not have a diabetic pregnancy (n=83) and GDM group, including pregnant women with GDM (n=69). The inclusion criteria were the following: being between the ages of 18-42, gestational age being 24-41 weeks, and the absence of labor. We collected perinatal clinical characteristics and measured serum 8IsoP, AOPP, 8-OHdG, and CK18 M30. Results Prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain and rate of cesarean delivery of the GDM group were significantly higher compared to the NGT group (p<0.05). Compared to the NGT group, the median values of serum 8IsoP, AOPP, 8OHdG, and CK18 M30 in the GDM group were found as increased significantly [8IsoP: 194.5 (121.8-255.9) vs. (153.1 (123.7-178.5); (p=0.023)]; [AOPP: 3.7 (1.7-8.9) vs. (2.1 (0.8-6.4); (p=0.036)]; [8OHdG: 11.8 (6.9-31.3) vs. (6.8 (1-28.2); (p=0.042)]; and [CK18 M30: 2.4 (1.4-5.4) vs. (1.8 (1.13.6); (p=0.044)]. Conclusions Women with GDM have increased oxidative stress presented by serum oxidized protein, lipid, and DNA biomarkers and pro-apoptosis demonstrated by CK18 M30. This supports the role of oxidized biomolecules in the pathogenesis of GDM. With piling data related to biomarkers changed into women with GDM, it will be possible to clarify the pathophysiology of GDM and its comorbidities.