Evaluation of konjac blends and soy protein isolate as fat replacements in low-fat bologna

Low-fat bolognas (LFB, < 2.0% fat) were developed with 2 levels (0.5% or 1.0%) of konjac blends (KB, KSS = konjac flour/starch and KNC = konjac flour/carrageenan/starch) and the replacement of meat proteins with 2% soy protein isolate (SPI, DWB), Increased levels of KB decreased (P < 0.05) lightness and yellowness, and most texture profile analysis (TPA) values. LFB containing 1.0% KB with 2% SPI addition had TPA values and sensory flavor/taste attributes similar to the control (CTL II, 30% fat), whereas LFB formulated with KSS had textural characteristics more similar to CTL II than those with KNC, based on sensory evaluation.