Electromagnetic Wave Confinement in a Defect-Based Honeycomb Photonic Crystals

The photonic bandstructure calculations of honeycomb photonic crystal (PhCs) formed by silicon rods arranged in air background is performed. The honeycomb PhC exhibits fundamental photonic bandgap in the normalized frequency range of 0.4298(c/a) to 0.575(c/a), for transverse electric polarization, where 'a' being the lattice constant. An air defect created in the honeycomb PhC confinesand supports unique electromagnetic mode, which isverified based on eigenvalue problem. The studied confinement effect in defect based honeycomb PhCcrystals are useful for the realization of ultrahigh cavities and photonic fibersfor microwave and terahertz frequencies.