Elicitor Applications to Cell Suspension Culture for Production of Phenolic Compounds in Grapevine

In this study, the effects of cadmium sulphate (CdSO4), fleuresans irradiation, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and sucrose treatments on the production of phenolic compounds in grapevine cell suspension cultures initiated from callus from petiole tissues of Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Gamay, Kalecik karasi and Okuzgozu were investigated. As the elicitors of CdSO4 (0, 1 and 1.5 mM), MeJA (0 and 10 mu M) and sucrose (0, 0.20 and 0.25 M) were applied. Cell suspensions were exposed to visible light (10,000 lux) for fleuresans irradiation or cultured in dark constantly. Total phenolics, total flavanols, total flavonols and anthocyanin were determined spectrophotometrically while trans-resveratrol was quantified by HPLC. CdSO4 at 1.5 mM concentration and MeJA at 10 mu M concentration yielded the highest phenolic productions in all cultivars. Especially, Kalecik Karasi treated with CdSO4 at 1.5 mM had the highest total phenolic (3.144 mg g(-1)), anthocyanin (1.672 CV g(-1)) and trans-resveratrol (3.650 mu g g(-1)) contents. MeJA application at 10 mu M provided the trans-resveratrol accumulation as high as 11.681 mu g g(-1) in Okuzgozu. 0.20 M sucrose concentration resulted in the highest total phenolics (4.215 mg g(-1)) and trans-resveratrol (7.550 mu g g(-1)) in Kalecik Karasi cultures while the most anthocyanin accumulation (2.024 CV g(-1)) was achieved from Gamay. Darkness had strongly increased trans-resveratrol content in all cultivars, whereas total phenolics and anthocyanin synthesis were induced by light. Elicitor applications of CdSO4, MeJA, sucrose and fleuresans irradiation can be an efficient approach for the production of phenolics in grapevines.