Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Model of Vildagliptin Modified Release (MR) Tablets to Predict In Vivo Performance and Establish Clinically Relevant Dissolution Specifications

The objective of the study was to predict pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of matrix-based modified release (MR) drug product of vildagliptin. Physiologically based biopharmaceutics modeling (PBBM) was developed using GastroPlus (TM) based on the available data including immediate-release (IR) drug product of vildagliptin. In vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) was developed using mechanistic deconvolution to predict plasma concentration-time profile and PK parameters for a MR drug product planned for clinical use. Both methods, i.e., PBBM and IVIVC, were compared for the predicted PK parameters. Integration of DDDPlus (TM) and GastroPlus (TM) modeling was performed to explore clinically relevant dissolution specifications for vildagliptin MR tablets. The bioequivalence (BE) between batches with different dissolution specifications was evaluated using virtual clinical trials. The PD effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition was simulated utilizing PDPlus (TM) model in GastroPlus (TM). The results indicated that IVIVC best correlated the simulated PK parameters with those observed with the clinical study. The outcomes highlight the importance of integration of in vitro and in silico tools towards predictability of PK and PD parameters for a MR drug product. However, the post absorptive phase was found to be more dependent on the demographics of the healthy subjects.