Automated Detection and Location of Leaks in Water Mains Using Infrared Photography

Leakage of water distribution networks is the most common reason of undesirable losses of potable water. Problems associated with water main leaks pose growing concern around the globe. These problems include water and energy loss, in addition to the risk it poses to structural damage of adjacent properties. In current practice, not all water leaks can be detected in a timely and cost effective manner. This paper presents a study conducted for detection of water leaks in underground pipelines, and identification of their respective locations using thermography infrared camera. The paper describes the field work and the experimental protocol which were carried out over 2 years in three different locations in greater Montreacuteal (Canada) area in order to investigate factors that affect the applicability and limitations of using IR camera in water leak detection. These factors beyond those studied in previous work carried out by American Water Works Association and National Research Council. The paper presents a model developed to determine approximate location of leaks in water mains. The developed model was then applied successfully to detect and locate leaks in water mains in fall and spring seasons. It failed, however, to detect leaks in the summer and winter due to high pavement temperature and the snow coverage, respectively.