THE EFFECT OF SOME SOIL CONDITIONERS AND IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITIES ON DATE PALM PRODUCTIVITY: Phoenix dactylifera L. AL-SAYER CULTIVAR

The experiment was conducted in a private orchard in the Abi Al-Khasib district to study the effect of some agricultural soil enhancers and the amount of irrigation water in treating saline tension and improving the quality and productivity of date palms of the Al-Sayer cultivar. The experiment included eight treatments which are the interactions between the amount of irrigation water (50 and 100)L/palm tree/week and three soil conditioners (calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and nano fertilizer) in addition to the control treatment. The results show that the treatment (100 mg/L nano fertilizer) was significantly excelled in comparison with the two treatments 100 mg/L CaSO4 and 100 mg (NH4)(2)SO4/L in giving the highest increase in the specific traits of the fruits (weight and size of the fruit, reducing sugars, total sugars, lowering the proportion of sucrose and Invertase activity). It also excelled in increasing productive traits (percentage of ripeness, total yield) and low percentage of fruit loss. The results showed that the amount of irrigation water 100L/palm per week significantly excelled in giving the highest increase in the specific traits of the fruits (fruit weight, reducing sugars and low invertase activity). It also excelled in increasing the productive traits (total yield and low fruit dropping). The interaction between the study factors had a clear effect on the studied traits, where the interaction treatment (100mg/liter nano fertilizer + 100L of water/palm/year) was excelled in giving the highest increase in weight and size of the fruit, reducing sugars, total sugars, lowering the percentage of sucrose and Invertase activity. It also excelled in increasing the productive characteristics (the percentage of maturity, the total yield) and the decrease in the percentage of fruit dropping, measured by the two comparison factors: distilled water + 50 L of water/palm tree/week and distilled water + 100 L of water/palm per week, which gave the lowest rate of weight and size of the fruit, reducing sugar, maturity average, total yield and the highest significant increase in the rate of sucrose percentage, invertase enzyme activity and fruit dropping average.