Cold adaptation in geographical populations of Drosophila melanogaster:: phenotypic plasticity is more important than genetic variability

被引:187
|
作者
Ayrinhac, A
Debat, V
Gibert, P
Kister, AG
Legout, H
Moreteau, B
Vergilino, R
David, JR [1 ]
机构
[1] CNRS, Lab Populat Genet & Evol, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[2] Univ Groningen, Evolut Genet Grp, NL-9750 AA Haren, Netherlands
[3] Univ Lyon 1, Lab Biometrie Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
关键词
chill coma; cold tolerance; latitudinal cline; reaction norms; recovery time;
D O I
10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00904.x
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
1. According to their geographical distribution, most Drosophila species may be classified as either temperate or tropical, and this pattern is assumed to reflect differences in their thermal adaptation, especially in their cold tolerance. We investigated cold tolerance in a global collection of D. melanogaster by monitoring the time adults take to recover from chill coma after a treatment at 0degreesC. 2. Flies grown at an intermediate temperature (21degreesC) showed a significant linear latitudinal cline: recovery was faster in populations living in colder climates. 3. The role of growth temperature was analysed in a subset of tropical and temperate populations. In all cases, recovery time decreased when growth temperature was lowered, and linear reaction norms were observed. This adaptive phenotypic plasticity explained more than 80% of the total variation, while genetic latitudinal differences accounted for less than 4%. 4. The beneficial effect observed in adults grown at a low temperature contrasts with other phenotypic effects which, like male sterility, appear as harmful and pathological. Our results point to the difficulty of finding a general interpretation to the diversity of plastic responses that are induced by growth temperature variations.
引用
收藏
页码:700 / 706
页数:7
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