A novel compound Ni (phen)(H2O)(V2O6) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally determined to be a two-dimensional compound, which contains (V2O6](n)(2n-) chains interconnected by nickel(II) complexes via oxygen atoms. The crystallographic data measured by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis are as follows: C12H10N2NiO7V2, M-r=454.81, monoclime, space group P2(1)/c, a=0.784 6(3), b=2.103 6(8), c=0.9423(4) nm, beta= 112.872(5)degrees, V=1.433 0(10) nm(3), Z=4, D-c=2.104 Mg.m(-3), mu(Mo Kalpha)=2.615 mm(-1), F(000)=904, T=298(2) K, 4 480 reflections collected, 2 470 independent (R-int=0.032 2), the final R=0.058 4 and wR(2)=0- 145 7 for 2 303 observed reflections with I>2sigma(I). CCDC: 192520.