God's Justice between Punishment and Forgiveness in the Hebrew Bible

The notion of justice is one of the most important concepts of the Bible. The teocentric foundation of the Bible indicates that the significance of the notion of justice is not measured by the relationship of man to God, but by the relationship of God to Israel and the world. God's righteousness has different theological criteria than human righteousness; therefore, it is more difficult to answer a specific question, what is God's righteousness, as a general question of what is righteousness. Finally, this is about the question of God's essence, his authority, and the scope of his activities. The mere dictionary approach would ideally lead to a virtual answer. All available conceptual abilities, all levels of semantic fields, and all dimensions of intertextual relationships must be taken into account in order to give full effect to the whole of the mental and religious world of the Hebrew Scriptures. If the basic meaning of the root of sdq and its derivations in the relationship of God to man is reminiscent of the general meaning of the concept of the grace of salvation, then we can understand why the reasons for retribution and punishment keep open the possibilities for God's mercy and forgiveness. The purpose of this contribution is to show how important the fact is that in the Bible, the dimensions of God's righteousness are not expressed by abstract concepts, but by semantic fields within the literary structures of literary types and genres. It is a question of how interdependent living conditions and literary conventions work in literary creations Therefore, the theme of God's justice in all dimensions requires a literary analysis of existing texts in their intertextual relationships.