Four gearboxes on the production line of one factory had early wear faults frequently. Theirs life-span varies since the shortest 9 months to 3 years. The gear wheels in the gearboxes, especially copper alloy worm gear and other gear wheels of nonferrous metals, showed as severe abrading, and with corroding and calamitous excessive wearing and tearing. The factory imputed wear fault to the lubricating oil at first, but analysis indicating lubricating oil quality was perfect to new oil sample; Shifted the reason onto manufacturers again, but the same gearbox could be used for 3 years of designing requirement, indicated that did not make the reason of quality. Finally, the method of factory was replacement when the gear wheels having faults, typical passive maintain mode. In order to judge the basic reason of gearbox fault, we have monitored the lubricating oil samples of the gearbox for half a year and used the oil comprehensive monitoring technology to analyze them.