Future Changes in the Sea Surface Wind over the East Asian Marginal Seas Projected by Regional Climate Models

Sea surface wind plays a crucial role in coastal safety including flooding and coastal erosion mainly by changing sea level and ocean wind waves, and the regional characteristics of sea surface wind can be influenced by global warming. This study aims to investigate future changes in sea surface wind due to global warming in the East Asian marginal seas (EAMS) projected by four different regional climate models contributing to CORDEX-EA (COordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment-East Asia) downscaling project, by using daily mean winds for the present (historical runs for 1980-2004) and the future climate (RCP4.5 scenario run for 2025-2049). In general, the climatological-mean wind speed is projected to decrease up to 30 % in winter, but to increase up to 40 % in summer, indicating seasonally different large-scale atmospheric responses to global warming in EAMS. The prevailing wind direction, a critical factor in coastal erosion in EAMS, is projected to be significantly changed in both winter and summer, contributing to the changes in the mean wind speed. Extreme winds, defined as an annual maximum of the wind speed, show negligible changes with considerably large intermodel differences. Our findings suggest that projected future changes in sea surface wind over EAMS can be considerably different depending on seasons and models.