Streptococcus pyogenes ("Group A Streptococcus"), a Highly Adapted Human Pathogen-Potential Implications of Its Virulence Regulation for Epidemiology and Disease Management

被引：14

作者：

Siemens, Nikolai ^{[1
]}

Luetticken, Rudolf ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Greifswald, Interfac Inst Genet & Funct Genom, Dept Mol Genet & Infect Biol, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany

[2] DWI Leibnitz Inst Interact Mat, D-52074 Aachen, Germany

来源：

PATHOGENS | 2021年 / 10卷 / 06期

关键词：

Streptococcus pyogenes; group A streptococcus; virulence regulation; transcriptional factors; two components systems; FIBRONECTIN-BINDING PROTEIN; HYALURONIC-ACID CAPSULE; PYROGENIC EXOTOXIN-B; SERUM OPACITY FACTOR; CYSTEINE PROTEASE; STREPTOLYSIN-S; GENE-EXPRESSION; GENOME SEQUENCE; 2-COMPONENT SYSTEM; OXIDATIVE STRESS;

D O I：

10.3390/pathogens10060776

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci; GAS) is an exclusively human pathogen. It causes a variety of suppurative and non-suppurative diseases in people of all ages worldwide. Not all can be successfully treated with antibiotics. A licensed vaccine, in spite of its global importance, is not yet available. GAS express an arsenal of virulence factors responsible for pathological immune reactions. The transcription of all these virulence factors is under the control of three types of virulence-related regulators: (i) two-component systems (TCS), (ii) stand-alone regulators, and (iii) non-coding RNAs. This review summarizes major TCS and stand-alone transcriptional regulatory systems, which are directly associated with virulence control. It is suggested that this treasure of knowledge on the genetics of virulence regulation should be better harnessed for new therapies and prevention methods for GAS infections, thereby changing its global epidemiology for the better.

引用

页数：17

共 172 条

[1] EndoS from Streptococcus pyogenes is hydrolyzed by the cysteine proteinase SpeB and requires glutamic acid 235 and tryptophans for IgG glycan-hydrolyzing activity [J].

Allhorn, Maria ;

Olsen, Arne ;

Collin, Mattias .

BMC MICROBIOLOGY, 2008, 8 (1)

[2] Molecular analysis of the role of the group A streptococcal cysteine protease, hyaluronic acid capsule, and M protein in a murine model of human invasive soft-tissue infection [J].

Ashbaugh, CD ;

Warren, HB ;

Carey, VJ ;

Wessels, MR .

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, 1998, 102 (03) :550-560

[3] Absence of a cysteine protease effect on bacterial virulence in two murine models of human invasive group A streptococcal infection [J].

Ashbaugh, CD ;

Wessels, MR .

INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 2001, 69 (11) :6683-6688

[4] A Review of Streptococcus pyogenes: Public Health Risk Factors, Prevention and Control [J].

Avire, Nelly Janira ;

Whiley, Harriet ;

Ross, Kirstin .

PATHOGENS, 2021, 10 (02) :1-18

[5] Invasive M1T1 group A Streptococcus undergoes a phase-shift in vivo to prevent proteolytic degradation of multiple virulence factors by SpeB [J].

Aziz, RK ;

Pabst, MJ ;

Jeng, A ;

Kansal, R ;

Low, DE ;

Nizet, V ;

Kotb, M .

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, 2004, 51 (01) :123-134

[6] Group A streptococcal rofA gene is involved in the control of several virulence genes and eukaryotic cell attachment and internalization [J].

Beckert, S ;

Kreikemeyer, B ;

Podbielski, A .

INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 2001, 69 (01) :534-537

[7] Genome sequence of a serotype M3 strain of group A Streptococcus:: Phage-encoded toxins, the high-virulence phenotype, and clone emergence [J].

Beres, SB ;

Sylva, GL ;

Barbian, KD ;

Lei, BF ;

Hoff, JS ;

Mammarella, ND ;

Liu, MY ;

Smoot, JC ;

Porcella, SF ;

Parkins, LD ;

Campbell, DS ;

Smith, TM ;

McCormick, JK ;

Leung, DYM ;

Schlievert, PM ;

Musser, JM .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2002, 99 (15) :10078-10083

[8] Characterization of a two-component system in Streptococcus pyogenes which is involved in regulation of hyaluronic acid production [J].

Bernish, B ;

van de Rijn, I .

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 1999, 274 (08) :4786-4793

[9]

Bessen D.E., 2016, STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGEN, P74

[10] Evolution of transcription regulatory genes is linked to niche specialization in the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes [J].

Bessen, DE ;

Manoharan, A ;

Luo, F ;

Wertz, JE ;

Robinson, DA .

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, 2005, 187 (12) :4163-4172

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →