Dual-Solvent Li-Ion Solvation Enables High-Performance Li-Metal Batteries

被引:207
作者
Wang, Hansen [1 ]
Yu, Zhiao [2 ,3 ]
Kong, Xian [2 ]
Huang, William [1 ]
Zhang, Zewen [1 ]
Mackanic, David G. [2 ]
Huang, Xinyi [2 ]
Qin, Jian [2 ]
Bao, Zhenan [2 ]
Cui, Yi [1 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[3] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[4] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
anode‐ free batteries; Coulombic efficiency; electrolytes; fluorinated solvents; Li‐ metal batteries; LITHIUM; ANODE; ELECTROLYTES; LIQUID; INTERPHASES; HOST;
D O I
10.1002/adma.202008619
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Novel electrolyte designs to further enhance the lithium (Li) metal battery cyclability are highly desirable. Here, fluorinated 1,6-dimethoxyhexane (FDMH) is designed and synthesized as the solvent molecule to promote electrolyte stability with its prolonged -CF2- backbone. Meanwhile, 1,2-dimethoxyethane is used as a co-solvent to enable higher ionic conductivity and much reduced interfacial resistance. Combining the dual-solvent system with 1 m lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), high Li-metal Coulombic efficiency (99.5%) and oxidative stability (6 V) are achieved. Using this electrolyte, 20 mu m Li||NMC batteries are able to retain approximate to 80% capacity after 250 cycles and Cu||NMC anode-free pouch cells last 120 cycles with 75% capacity retention under approximate to 2.1 mu L mAh(-1) lean electrolyte conditions. Such high performances are attributed to the anion-derived solid-electrolyte interphase, originating from the coordination of Li-ions to the highly stable FDMH and multiple anions in their solvation environments. This work demonstrates a new electrolyte design strategy that enables high-performance Li-metal batteries with multisolvent Li-ion solvation with rationally optimized molecular structure and ratio.
引用
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页数:9
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