An Optical/Near-infrared Investigation of HD 100546 b with the Gemini Planet Imager and MagAO

被引:60
|
作者
Rameau, Julien [1 ]
Follette, Katherine B. [2 ,3 ]
Pueyo, Laurent [4 ]
Marois, Christian [5 ,6 ]
Macintosh, Bruce [2 ]
Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell [7 ]
Wang, Jason J. [8 ]
Vega, David [9 ]
Doyon, Rene
Lafreniere, David [1 ]
Nielsen, Eric L. [2 ,9 ]
Bailey, Vanessa [2 ]
Chilcote, Jeffrey K. [10 ]
Close, Laird M. [11 ]
Esposito, Thomas M. [8 ]
Males, Jared R. [11 ]
Metchev, Stanimir [12 ,13 ]
Morzinski, Katie M. [11 ]
Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste [2 ]
Wolff, Schuyler G. [4 ,14 ]
Ammons, S. M. [15 ]
Barman, Travis S. [16 ]
Bulger, Joanna [17 ]
Cotten, Tara [18 ]
De Rosa, Robert J. [8 ]
Duchene, Gaspard [8 ,19 ]
Fitzgerald, Michael P. [20 ]
Goodsell, Stephen [21 ,22 ]
Graham, James R. [8 ]
Greenbaum, Alexandra Z. [23 ]
Hibon, Pascale [24 ]
Hung, Li-Wei [20 ]
Ingraham, Patrick [25 ]
Kalas, Paul [8 ]
Konopacky, Quinn [26 ]
Larkin, James E. [7 ]
Maire, Jerome [26 ]
Marchis, Franck [9 ]
Oppenheimer, Rebecca [27 ]
Palmer, David [15 ]
Patience, Jennifer [28 ]
Perrin, Marshall D. [4 ]
Poyneer, Lisa [15 ]
Rajan, Abhijith [28 ]
Rantakyroe, Fredrik T. [22 ]
Marley, Mark S. [29 ]
Savransky, Dmitry [30 ]
Schneider, Adam C. [28 ]
Sivaramakrishnan, Anand [4 ]
Song, Inseok [18 ]
机构
[1] Univ Montreal, Inst Rech Exoplanetes, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada
[2] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[3] Amherst Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 21 Merrill Sci Dr, Amherst, MA 01002 USA
[4] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
[5] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
[6] Natl Res Council Canada Herzberg, 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
[7] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
[8] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[9] SETI Inst, Carl Sagan Ctr, 189 Bernardo Ave, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
[10] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
[11] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[12] Univ Western Ontario, Ctr Planetary Sci & Explorat, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
[13] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA
[14] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
[15] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
[16] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[17] NAOJ, Subaru Telescope, 650 North Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA
[18] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[19] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, F-38000 Grenoble, France
[20] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[21] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Stockton Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England
[22] Gemini Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
[23] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[24] European Southern Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile
[25] Large Synopt Survey Telescope, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
[26] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[27] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10024 USA
[28] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, POB 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[29] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Mail Stop 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
[30] Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
[31] Aerosp Corp, 2310 E El Segundo Blvd, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
来源
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL | 2017年 / 153卷 / 06期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
instrumentation: adaptive optics; planet-disk interactions; planetary systems; stars: individual (HD 100546); LOW-MASS; PROTOPLANETARY DISK; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; TRANSITIONAL DISK; SCATTERED-LIGHT; ACCRETION RATES; RESOLVED IMAGES; GIANT PLANET; BROWN DWARFS; YOUNG;
D O I
10.3847/1538-3881/aa6cae
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present H band spectroscopic and H alpha photometric observations of HD 100546 obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager and the Magellan Visible AO camera. We detect H band emission at the location of the protoplanet HD 100546 b, but show that the choice of data processing parameters strongly affects the morphology of this source. It appears point-like in some aggressive reductions, but rejoins an extended disk structure in the majority of the others. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this emission appears stationary on a timescale of 4.6 years, inconsistent at the 2 sigma level with a Keplerian clockwise orbit at 59 au in the disk plane. The H band spectrum of the emission is inconsistent with any type of low effective temperature object or accreting protoplanetary disk. It strongly suggests a scattered-light origin, as this is consistent with the spectrum of the star and the spectra extracted at other locations in the disk. A nondetection at the 5 sigma level of HD 100546 b in differential H alpha imaging places an upper limit, assuming the protoplanet lies in a gap free of extinction, on the accretion luminosity of 1.7 x 10(-4) L-circle dot and M(M) over dot < 6.3 x 10(-7) M-Jup(2) yr(-1) for 1 R-Jup. These limits are comparable to the accretion luminosity and accretion rate of T-Tauri stars or LkCa 15 b. Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that the H band source at the location of HD 100546 b is not emitted by a planetary photosphere or an accreting circumplanetary disk but is a disk feature enhanced by the point-spread function subtraction process. This non-detection is consistent with the non-detection in the K. band reported in an earlier study but does not exclude the possibility that HD 100546 b is deeply embedded.
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页数:9
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