Nicotinic Receptor Abnormalities in the Cerebellar Cortex of Sudden Unexplained Fetal and Infant Death Victims-Possible Correlation With Maternal Smoking

被引:12
|
作者
Lavezzi, Anna M. [1 ]
Ferrero, Stefano [1 ,2 ]
Roncati, Luca [3 ,4 ]
Piscioli, Francesco [4 ]
Matturri, Luigi [1 ]
Pusiol, Teresa [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Milan, Dept Biomed Surg & Dent Sci, Lino Rossi Res Ctr, Via Commenda 19, I-20122 Milan, Italy
[2] Osped Maggiore Policlin, Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda, Div Pathol, Milan, Italy
[3] Hosp Rovereto, Inst Pathol, Trento, Italy
[4] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Sect Pathol, Dept Diagnost & Clin Med & Publ Hlth, Policlin Hosp, Modena, Italy
来源
ASN NEURO | 2017年 / 9卷 / 04期
关键词
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; nicotine; acetylcholine; cerebellar cortex; sudden intrauterine unexplained death syndrome; sudden infant death syndrome; neuropathology; YOUTH TOBACCO USE; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; BRAIN-STEM; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; PERINATAL DEATH; PREGNANCY; ADDICTION; EXPOSURE; COMPLEX;
D O I
10.1177/1759091417720582
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are cationic channels of the neuronal cell membrane, differentially expressed in the central nervous system which, when activated by endogenous acetylcholine or exogenous nicotine, are able to enhance cholinergic transmission. The aim of this study was to investigate in human perinatal age the immunohistochemical expression of the alpha 7-nAChR subtype, given its involvement in neuronal differentiation and its significant vulnerability to the toxic effects of nicotine. Thirty fetuses (with a gestational age between 25 and 40 weeks) and 35 infants (1-6 months old), suddenly died of known (controls) and unknown causes (unexplained deaths), with smoking and nonsmoking mothers, were included in this study. A negative or low immunoexpression of alpha 7-nAChRs, indicative of their inactivation, was observed in the granular layers of the cerebellar cortex in 66% of the sudden unexplained perinatal deaths and 11% of the controls. A high correlation was also observed between these findings and maternal smoking. Apart from the well-known adverse effects of nicotine exposure during pregnancy, it may also cause significant alterations in cerebellar cholinergic transmission in areas of the brain involved in vital functions. These events may give us insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to sudden unexplained fetal and infant death.
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页数:10
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