Protective Effect of Diosmin Against Streptozotocin-Induced Gestational Diabetes Mellitus via AGEs-RAGE Signalling Pathway

Background and Objective: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disease that affects 3-5% of total pregnancies. Diosmin (polyphenolic flavonoids) are commonly used in the treatment of various metabolic diseases. This experimental study, scrutinize the protective effect of Diosmin against the streptozotocin (STZ) induced GDM in rats. Materials and Methods: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used for the current protocol and STZ was used for the induction of GDM in female rats. The rats were divided into different groups and received the oral administration of diosmin (once a day) for up to 19 days. An Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was carried out. Body weight and litter size were estimated. Serum resistin and insulin were measured. Biochemical parameters were also determined at end of the experimental study. qRT-PCR was carried out for the estimation of different genes. Results: During the OGTT test, diosmin significantly (p<0.001) reduced the blood glucose level. Diosmin significantly (p<0.001) increased the body weight and litter size. Diosmin significantly (p<0.001) reduced the level of resistin and insulin in the serum. Diosmin also reduced the level of serum C peptide (CP), Free Fatty Acid (FFA), haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and reduced the level of hepatic glycogen. Diosmin significantly reduced the level of Triglyceride (TG), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Total Cholesterol (TG) and boosted the level of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Diosmin also reduced the level of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) and increased the level of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD). Diosmin significantly (p<0.001) increased the mRNA expression of NF-kappa B and reduced the I kappa B. Diosmin also altered the mRNA expression of NOX-2, RAGE, EGFR, MCP-1, p65 and VCAM-1. Conclusion: Based on the result, Diosmin is a therapeutic and preventive effect against STZ induced GDM in rats.