Gambling on the unconscious: A comparison of wagering and confidence ratings as measures of awareness in an artificial grammar task

被引：122

作者：

Dienes, Zoltan ^{[1
]}

Seth, Anil ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Sussex, Dept Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England

[2] Univ Sussex, Dept Informat, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England

来源：

CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION | 2010年 / 19卷 / 02期

基金：

英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;

关键词：

Unconscious knowledge; Subjective measures; Wagering; Confidence; Subjective threshold; Artificial grammar learning; Implicit learning; Consciousness; Higher order thoughts; SUBJECTIVE MEASURES; KNOWLEDGE; CONSCIOUSNESS; IMPLICIT; PERCEPTION; BLINDSIGHT; JUDGMENTS; THRESHOLD; DECISION; MONKEYS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.concog.2009.09.009

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

We explore three methods for measuring the conscious status of knowledge using the artificial grammar learning paradigm. We show wagering is no more sensitive to conscious knowledge than simple verbal confidence reports but is affected by risk aversion. When people wager rather than give verbal confidence they are less ready to indicate high confidence. We introduce a "no-loss gambling" method which is insensitive to risk aversion. We show that when people are just as ready to bet on a genuine random process as their own classification decisions, their classifications are still above baseline, indicating knowledge participants are not aware of having. Our results have methodological implications for any study investigating whether people are aware of knowing. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：674 / 681

页数：8