Minimizing the Electrolyte Volume in Li-S Batteries: A Step Forward to High Gravimetric Energy Density

被引:76
作者
Agostini, Marco [1 ]
Hwang, Jang-Yeon [2 ]
Kim, Hee Min [2 ]
Bruni, Pantaleone [3 ]
Brutti, Sergio [4 ]
Croce, Fausto [3 ]
Matic, Aleksandar [1 ]
Sun, Yang-Kook [2 ]
机构
[1] Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
[2] Hanyang Univ, Dept Energy Engn, Seoul 04763, South Korea
[3] G DAnnunzio Chieti Pescara Univ, Dept Pharm, Via Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
[4] UOS Sapienza, CNR, ISC, Piazzale A Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
关键词
lithium-sulfur battery with reduced electrolyte volume; Li-ion batteries; low cost lithium batteries; nanostructured sulfide/fiber electrodes; practical and high energy storage systems; GRAPHENE OXIDE; LITHIUM; OPPORTUNITIES; PERFORMANCE; CHALLENGES;
D O I
10.1002/aenm.201801560
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Sulfur electrodes confined in an inert carbon matrix show practical limitations and concerns related to low cathode density. As a result, these electrodes require a large amount of electrolyte, normally three times more than the volume used in commercial Li-ion batteries. Herein, a high-energy and high-performance lithium-sulfur battery concept, designed to achieve high practical capacity with minimum volume of electrolyte is proposed. It is based on deposition of polysulfide species on a self-standing and highly conductive carbon nanofiber network, thus eliminating the need for a binder and current collector, resulting in high active material loading. The fiber network has a functionalized surface with the presence of polar oxygen groups, with the aim to prevent polysulfide migration to the lithium anode during the electrochemical process, by the formation of S-O species. Owing to the high sulfur loading (6 mg cm(-2)) and a reduced free volume of the sulfide/fiber electrode, the Li-S cell is designed to work with as little as 10 mu L cm(-2) of electrolyte. With this design the cell has a high energy density of 450 Wh kg(-1), a lifetime of more than 400 cycles, and the possibility of low cost, by use of abundant and eco-friendly materials.
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页数:7
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